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Should "fat" be considered an organ in the obese: Study
Should "fat" be considered an organ in the obese: Study -- Posted by The Mongolian Death Worm on 06-07-05 09:36
In mammals, the adipose tissues are contained in a multi-depot organ:
the adipose organ. It consists of several subcutaneous and visceral
depots. Some areas of these depots are brown and correspond to brown
adipose tissue, while many are white and correspond to white adipose
tissue. The organ is rich of vessels and parenchymal nerve fibers, but
their density is higher in the brown areas. White areas contain a
variable amount of brown adipocytes and their number varies with age,
strain and environmental conditions. All adipocytes of the adipose
organ express a specific adrenoceptor: ss3AR.
Recent data have stressed the plasticity of the adipose organ in adult
animals, and in parallel with the cytological variations there are also
vascular as well as neural variations. Of note, treatment of
genetically and diet induced obese rats with ss3 adrenoceptor agonists
ameliorate their pathological condition and this is accompanied by the
appearance of brown adipocytes in white areas of the adipose organ.
This drug-induced modification of the anatomy of the organ is also
obtained by the treatment with PPARgamma agonists in rats and dogs.
We have previously shown that the transformation of white adipose
tissue into brown adipose tissue in rats treated with ss3 adrenoceptor
agonists is due to a direct transformation of differentiated unilocular
adipocytes (transdifferentiation). We recently also showed that the
absence of ss3 adrenoceptors strongly depress this type of plasticity
in the adipose organ.
All together these experiments strongly suggest the possibility to
modulate the plasticity of the adipose organ with therapeutic
implications for obesity and related disorders.
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2005 Jun 1;The adipose organ.
Cinti S. University of Ancona, Italy, European Union.
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